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目的：探讨认知干预对老年脑血管疾病患者情绪及治疗依从性的影响。方法将122例老年脑血管疾病患者根据抽签结果随机分为两组，每组61例。两组均予以常规治疗护理及康复训练，观察组在此基础上联合认知干预，观察1个月。于干预前后采用焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评定焦虑抑郁情绪，干预后根据患者的遵医行为评定治疗依从性。结果干预前两组焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评分比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05）；干预后两组均较干预前显著降低（P＜0．01），观察组显著低于对照组（P＜0．01）。干预后观察组治疗依从率为86．9％，对照组为65．6％，观察组显著高于对照组（ P＜0．01）。结论认知干预能显著改善老年脑血管疾病患者的焦虑抑郁情绪及治疗依从性。“,”Objective To explore the effects of cognitive intervention on emotions and treatment compli‐ance of elderly patients with cerebrovascular diseases (CD) .Methods A total of 122 elderly CD patients were randomly assigned to two groups of 61 ones each according to sortition results .Both groups received conventional treatment ,nursing and rehabilitation training ,and on this basis observation group was plus cognitive intervention for one month . Anxious‐depressive emotions were assessed with the Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after intervention and treatment compliances with patients’ compliance behaviors after intervention .Results There were no significantly group differences in the SAS and SDS scores before intervention (P>0 .05);after intervention the SAS and SDS scores of both groups lowered more significantly (P<0 .01) and those were significantly lower in observation than in control group (P<0 .01) .Compliance rate was 86 .9% in observation and 65 .6% in control group ,the former significantly higher than the latter (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Cognitive interven‐tion could notably improve anxious‐depressive emotions and treatment compliance of elderly CD patients .