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泰国位于印度支那半岛的中部,国土面积51.4万平方公里。西部、北部和东北部为山区,中部为平原,南部是马来半岛的一部分。该国地处热带,气候受季风影响,全年大致可分为旱湿雨季,年平均雨量在东北部约为1000毫米,在南部可高达4000毫米。境内河流较多,坡降不大,径流量的80～90%集中于湿季。主要河道的最大年流量为最小年流量的3～8倍。泰国以农产品为主要出口商品。灌溉工程历史悠久,但水电站建设一直到六十年代初才开始。最近十年泰国经济发展较快,加之石油价格不断上涨,促使泰国大力开展大型水电站建设。迄今已建成的水电站约20座,正在兴建的有3座。水电站装机容量约为200万千瓦,约占水火电总装机的1/3。现已探明可建的100座水电站的总装机容量可达660万千瓦。纵观泰国近十年来建成的9座水电站,几乎全部采用了土石坝。它具有以下特点:
Thailand is located in the central Indochina Peninsula, an area of 514,000 square kilometers. The western, northern and northeastern regions are mountainous, the central is plains, and the south is part of the Malay Peninsula. The country is tropical and the climate is affected by the monsoon. It can be roughly divided into a wet and dry rainy season throughout the year, with annual average rainfall of about 1,000 millimeters in the northeast and up to 4,000 millimeters in the south. More domestic rivers, slope is not large, runoff of 80 to 90% concentrated in the wet season. The largest annual flow of the main river is the smallest annual flow of 3 to 8 times. Thailand mainly produces agricultural products. Irrigation has a long history, but construction of hydropower stations did not begin until the early 1960s. The rapid economic development in Thailand in the past 10 years and the rising oil prices have prompted Thailand to vigorously launch the construction of large hydropower stations. So far, about 20 hydropower stations have been built and there are three under construction. Installed capacity of hydropower station is about 2 million kilowatts, accounting for about 1/3 of the total installed capacity of hydropower. The total installed capacity of 100 hydropower stations that have been built is now up to 6.6 million kilowatts. Looking at the nine hydropower stations built in Thailand over the past decade, almost all embankment dams are used. It has the following features: