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目的了解达州市人群和宿主动物钩端螺旋体菌群分布和变动情况,分析其流行规律,为预防和控制钩体病提供科学依据。方法按照《全国钩端螺旋体病监测实施方案》,对宿主动物密度、构成、带菌以及健康人群血清抗体检测,对资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2013-2015年,达州市监测点平均鼠密度为12.08%,鼠种以四川短尾鼩为主(73.79%);采集鼠肾、猪肾、蛙肾1 016份,未检出钩体菌株;采集健康人群血清300份,检出4个血清群,以黄疸出血群为主,阳性检出率以高龄组居多。结论达州市近年来无钩体病例报告,鼠种构成发生变化,宿主动物中未检出钩体菌,抗体阳性者以历史感染为主,发生暴发流行的风险不高。
Objective To understand the distribution and changes of Leptospira bacteria in Dazhou population and host animals, analyze its epidemic rules and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of leptospirosis. Methods According to the “National Implementation of Leptospirosis Surveillance Program”, the host animal density, composition, carriage and serum antibody detection in healthy population, descriptive epidemiological analysis of the data. Results From 2013 to 2015, the average density of rats in Dazhou monitoring sites was 12.08%, while that of rats in Sichuan was 73.79%. A total of 1 016 samples of rat kidney, porcine kidney and frog kidney were collected. ; 300 serum samples were collected from healthy people and 4 serogroups were detected. The majority were hemorrhagic group with jaundice. The positive detection rate was mostly in the elderly group. Conclusion In recent years, no cases of LLLs have been reported in Dazhou City. There is a change in the composition of the rats. There is no leptospirosis in the host animals. The patients with positive antibodies are mainly infected with pathogens. The risk of outbreaks is not high.