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马祖毅先生认为中国翻译史上出现过四次翻译高潮,第一次翻译高潮即佛经翻译,第二次为明末清初的西学翻译,第三次为鸦片战争到“五四”运动,即19世纪末20世纪初内忧外患中国时的西学翻译,最后的翻译高潮则出现在改革开放以后。本文在左哈尔提出的多元系统翻译理论的指导下主要探究第三次翻译高潮出现在19世纪末内忧外患中国的原因。分析结果表明,第三次翻译高潮出现在内忧外患中国是由社会、经济、文化这三个因素综合导致而成,该翻译高潮的出现是中国翻译史的必然。
Mr. Ma Zuyi thinks that there have been four translation climaxes in the history of Chinese translation. The first translation climax is the translation of Buddhist scriptures, the second is the translation of Western learning from the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, the third is the “Opium War” to the May Fourth Movement, That is, the Western translation of internal and external problems in China from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, and the final translation climax appeared after the reform and opening up. Under the guidance of Zuhar’s Multivariate System Translation Theory, this paper mainly explores the reasons why the third translation climax appeared in China in the late 19th century. The analysis shows that the third translation climax appears in the internal and external problems. China is caused by the combination of social, economic and cultural factors. The climax of the translation is the inevitable result of the history of Chinese translation.