自从50年代中期以来,在墨西哥湾陆架地区大规模地进行石油、天然气资源勘探和开发工作。随着生产的进展,海上勘探开采工程设施的安全、海底文物资源的保护以及海底生物生存环境的保护等问题引起了美国政府和有关部门的高度关注。美国内务部矿产管理局(Minerals Management Service)在70年代中期颁发了一系列规定,要求在墨西哥湾大陆架 Since the mid-1950s, large-scale exploration and development of oil and natural gas resources have taken place in the continental shelf of the Gulf of Mexico. With the progress of production, the safety of marine exploration and exploitation engineering facilities, the protection of seabed cultural relics resources and the protection of the living environment of the sea bottom have caused great concern of the U.S. government and relevant departments. The U.S. Department of the Interior’s Minerals Management Service issued a series of provisions in the mid-1970s that required the Gulf of Mexico