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学习中国近现代史,翻阅1918年到1920年的报刊、档案及有关史籍,常碰见“参战处”和“边防处”以及“督办参战处”和“督办边防处”的字样,这是两个临时机构,全名分别为“督办参战事务处”和“督办边防事务处”,它们出现于不同的时期,后者为前者的演变。第一次世界大战期间,北洋政府于1917年3月宣布对德绝交,8月对德宣战。1917年12月18日,代理大总统冯国璋发布命令,任皖系军阀首领段祺瑞为参战督办(该命令公布于1917年12月19日中华民国《政府公报》第692号)。同日,冯国璋还下了一
Studying the history of modern and contemporary China, reading the newspapers and periodicals, archives and related historical records from 1918 to 1920, often met with the words “the war office” and the “frontier defense office” and “supervise the war office” and “supervise the frontier defense office” The Provisional Institutions, with their full names being “Overseeing the Participation and War Services Office” and “Overseeing the Frontier Offices”, appeared at different times, the latter being the evolution of the former. During World War I, the Beiyang government announced in December 1917 the elimination of diplomatic ties with Germany and declared war on Germany in August. On December 18, 1917, acting President Feng Guozhang issued an order to appoint Duan Qirui, the chief warlord of Anhui Province, to take charge of the war. (The order was published in Official Gazette No. 692 of the Republic of China on December 19, 1917.) On the same day, Feng Guozhang also made one