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为探讨原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂类除草剂—吡草醚防除小麦田阔叶杂草的生物活性及其对小麦的安全性,采用室内生物活性测定法研究了吡草醚对我国北方小麦田常见5种阔叶杂草的除草活性及对3个小麦品种的安全性。结果表明:吡草醚对播娘蒿Descurainia sophia、荠菜Capsella bursa-pastoris和麦瓶草Silene conoidea的防效好,GR_(90)值分别为3.66、4.21、2.57 g(a.i.)/hm~2,对猪殃殃Galium aparine、麦家公Lithospermum arvense的防效略差,GR_(90)值分别为11.41、17.39 g(a.i.)/hm~2,其活性是苯磺隆的2.27~9.07倍;吡草醚对抗苯磺隆荠菜有一定的控制作用,GR_(90)值为47.55 g(a.i.)/hm~2。该药剂对小麦安全性好,当剂量为384、192 g(a.i.)/hm~2时,小麦出现轻微触杀性药害;济麦22、良星66和矮抗58对吡草醚的耐药性分别为对苯磺隆的2.00、2.41和1.18倍。吡草醚在供试3个小麦品种与5种杂草之间的选择性指数在22.80~309.73之间,优于苯磺隆。表明吡草醚茎叶喷雾处理对温室盆栽阔叶杂草具有速效性好、活性高、选择性强等优点,是具有开发前景的一种麦田除草剂。
In order to investigate the biological activity of broad-leaved weeds in the control of broad-leaved weeds in wheat field and its safety to wheat by protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor herbicide-pyriproxyfen, indoor bioactivity assay Herbicidal activities of five broadleaf weeds in wheat field and their safety to three wheat varieties. The results showed that the control effect of diflubenzole on Descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris and Silene conoidea was good. The values of GR_ (90) were 3.66, 4.21 and 2.57 g ai / hm ~ 2, For Galium aparine and Lithospermum arvense, the values of GR 90 were 11.41 and 17.39 g (ai) / hm -2, respectively, and their activity was 2.27-9.07 times of that of tribenuron-methyl. Hesperidin had some control effects against shepherd's pursee, the value of GR_ (90) was 47.55 g (ai) / hm ~ 2. The medicament has good safety to wheat, and when the dosage is 384,192 g (ai) / hm ~ 2, the wheat has a slight contact injury; the resistance of the wheat cultivar Jimai 22, the goodstar 66 and the short resistant 58 to the imazapyr Sexuality is respectively 2.00, 2.41 and 1.18 times of tribenuron-methyl. The selectivity index of diflubenzuron between the three wheat cultivars and the five weeds was between 22.80 and 309.73, which was better than tribenuron-methyl. The results showed that the treatment of leaf-blossoming stem-leaf spray had the advantages of fast-acting, high activity and strong selectivity to potted broad-leaved weeds in greenhouse. It is a wheat field herbicide with development prospect.