A software fault injection system SFIS is designed, which consists of the target system plus a fault injector, fault library, workload, data collector, and data analyzer. A serial communication mechanism is adopted to simulate the factual work environment. Then a fault model is built for single particle event, which can be denoted as FM = (FL, FT). FL stands for fault location, and FT stands for fault type. The fault model supports three temporal faults: transient, intermittent, and permanent. During the experiments implemented by SFIS,the software interruption method is adopted to inject transient faults, and step trace method is adopted to inject permanent faults into the target system. The experiment results indicate that for the injected transient code segment faults, 2.8% of them do not affect the program output, 80.1% of them are detected by the built-in error detection in the system, and 17.1% of them are not detected by fault detection mechanism. The experiment results verify the validity of the fault injection method.