论文部分内容阅读
目的分析来宾市2004~2013年流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)流行病学特点和趋势,为进一步防控乙脑提供依据。方法收集来宾市2004~2013年乙脑疫情和监测资料进行流行病学描述,计数资料采用卡方检验。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)捕获法检测早期血清/脑脊液乙脑Ig M抗体。结果来宾市2004~2013年共报告乙脑68例,死亡6例。年均发病率为0.31/10万,其中2004年发病率最高为0.64/10万,2013年发病率最低为0.05/10万。病例主要分布在武宣县和兴宾区,占总病例数的79.41%。10岁以下儿童占91.18%。5~7月是乙脑高发季节,6月份发病人数占病例总数的64.71%。68例病例中有57例(占83.82%)没有接种乙脑疫苗。共检测疑似乙脑病例血清65份,Ig M抗体阳性率为78.46%(51/65)。结论来宾市乙脑发病率总体呈下降趋势,但散发病例仍存在。因此需继续加强对乙脑病例监测和免疫接种,在加强8月龄~2周岁儿童的乙脑疫苗接种工作的同时,进一步提高农村地区,特别是农村贫困地区和边远山区3~10岁儿童乙脑疫苗接种覆盖率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of Japanese encephalitis (JE) from 2004 to 2013 in Laibin and provide evidence for further prevention and control of JE. Methods Epidemiological data of epidemic situation and monitoring data of JE from 2004 to 2013 in Laibin were collected and the data were analyzed by chi-square test. Serum / cerebrospinal fluid IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) capture method. Results From 2004 to 2013, Laibin reported a total of 68 cases of JE and 6 deaths. The average annual incidence was 0.31 / 100,000, of which the highest incidence in 2004 was 0.64 / 100000, the lowest incidence in 2013 was 0.05 / 100000. The cases are mainly distributed in Wuxuan County and Xingbin District, accounting for 79.41% of the total number of cases. Children under 10 accounted for 91.18%. May to July is the season of Japanese encephalitis, incidence in June accounted for 64.71% of the total number of cases. 57 out of 68 cases (83.82%) did not receive JE vaccine. A total of 65 serum samples of suspected JE cases were detected. The positive rate of Ig M antibody was 78.46% (51/65). Conclusions The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Laibin City has been on the decline, but the cases of sporadic cases still exist. Therefore, it is necessary to continue monitoring and immunization of JE cases. While increasing JE vaccination among children aged 8 months to 2 years, we will further increase the number of children aged 3 to 10 years in rural areas, especially in rural poverty-stricken areas and remote mountainous areas Brain vaccination coverage.