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目的了解高原地区某国企员工脂肪肝的患病率及其危险因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法,对西部高原地区某大型国企参加体检的员工进行调查。调查内容包括问卷调查、体格检查、生化指标测定以及肝脏实时超声检查。结果本次共调查4 180名员工。脂肪肝的患病率为25.5%,其中男性患病率为31.5%,女性患病率为10.0%,男性患病率明显高于女性(P<0.01);且有随着年龄增长而上升的趋势(P<0.01)。初中及以下文化程度、高经济收入、后勤岗位、野外工作、夜班工作的员工脂肪肝患病率较高(P<0.01),分别为38.2%、36.9%、31.5%、36.0%和34.3%;高胆固醇、高甘油三酯、糖尿病、高血压、超重/肥胖以及高尿酸血症者脂肪肝患病率均高于正常对照组(P<0.01),分别为40.6%、44.7%、57.0%、35.8%、48.0%和46.6%。非条件logistic回归分析显示,在控制其他混杂因素后,性别、年龄、文化程度、经济收入、岗位类型、工作地点、工时制度、高胆固醇、糖尿病、高血压、超重/肥胖及高尿酸血症与脂肪肝密切相关,其中超重/肥胖的影响最大(OR=5.784)。结论该国企员工脂肪肝患病率较高,脂肪肝的发生与多种因素有关,建议针对危险因素和重点人群,基于工作场所开展干预活动。
Objective To understand the prevalence of fatty liver and its risk factors in a state-owned enterprise in the plateau region. Methods The method of cross-sectional survey was used to investigate the employees participating in the physical examination in a large state-owned enterprise in the Western Plateau. Survey includes questionnaires, physical examination, biochemical markers and liver real-time ultrasound examination. Results A total of 4 180 employees were surveyed. The prevalence of fatty liver was 25.5%, of which the prevalence was 31.5% in males and 10.0% in females, and the prevalence in males was significantly higher than that in females (P <0.01). The prevalence of fatty liver increased with age Trend (P <0.01). The prevalence of fatty liver was higher in junior middle school and lower education level, high economic income, logistics post, field work and night work (P <0.01), which were 38.2%, 36.9%, 31.5%, 36.0% and 34.3% respectively. The prevalence of fatty liver in patients with high cholesterol, high triglyceride, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, overweight / obesity and hyperuricemia were higher than those in the control group (40.6%, 44.7%, 57.0%, respectively) 35.8%, 48.0% and 46.6%. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for other confounding factors, gender, age, educational attainment, economic income, job type, place of work, working hours, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, hypertension, overweight / obesity and hyperuricemia Fatty liver is closely related, with the greatest impact of overweight / obesity (OR = 5.784). Conclusion The prevalence of fatty liver in the state-owned enterprises is relatively high. The incidence of fatty liver is related to many factors. It is suggested that interventions should be conducted based on workplace risk factors and key populations.