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目的:了解兰溪市恶性肿瘤死亡患者的流行病学特征及变化趋势。方法:收集2017—2019年兰溪市所有恶性肿瘤死亡病例监测资料，计算恶性肿瘤的死亡率、性别死亡率、年龄别死亡率以及肿瘤死因顺位。计算因早死导致健康生命年的损失（YLL）值，因伤残导致健康生命年的损失（YLD）值，以及伤残调整生命年（DALY）等恶性肿瘤负担指标。结果:2017—2019年，恶性肿瘤是兰溪市居民的主要死因，标化死亡率逐年上升，分别为2.94‰、3.18‰、3.21‰；40岁以上人群死亡率显著上升，且男性高于女性。2017—2019年，兰溪市居民前三位恶性肿瘤分别为肺癌、胃癌、肝癌；男女肺癌死亡率均排首位，全人群肺癌死亡率60/10万左右。男性YLL、DALYs均高于女性，YLD低于女性。结论:恶性肿瘤是兰溪市居民死亡的主要因素，死亡率呈逐年增高，并随年龄增加呈上升趋势，肺癌、胃癌、肝癌为主要死因，男性恶性肿瘤死亡率及疾病负担普遍高于女性。“,”Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trend of fatal cases of malignant tumors in Lanxi City.Methods:The surveillance data of cancer mortality in Lanxi City from 2017 to 2019 were collected to calculate the mortality rates of different malignant tumors, genders, ages and the sequence of causes of death. Years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) , years lost due to disability (YLD) and disability adjusted life year (DALY) were calculated.Results:From 2017 to 2019, malignant tumors were the main causes of death among Lanxi residents. The standardized mortality rates of malignant tumors increased year by year, and were 2.94‰, 3.18‰ and 3.21‰ from 2017 to 2019. The mortality rates among population over 40 years old increased significantly, and the overall mortality rate of males was higher than that of females. The top three malignant tumors in Lanxi City were lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer, and the mortality rate of lung cancer was in the first place among both males and females with the total mortality rate of 60 per 100 000. YLL and DALYs in males were higher than those in females, and YLD was lower than that in females.Conclusions:The main cause of death among Lanxi residents is cancer, and the mortality increases year by year and shows an upward trend with age. The top three causes of death are lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer. The mortality rate and burden of disease in males are higher than those in females.