一、问题的提出“职业倦怠”(burnout)是1974年美国学者费登伯格在描述与界定那些供职于助人行业的人们因工作时间过长、工作量过大、工作强度过高所经历的一种疲惫不堪的状态时,首次使用的概念。Maslach认为职业倦怠是由三个维度构成的一种心理状态,即情绪衰竭、玩世不恭和缺乏个人成就感,这是个体对自我的评估,表现为个体对自己工作的意义与价值的评价降低。国外的一些心理调查显示,中小学教师的“燃烧度”(即为职业献身的意愿及疲劳度)远远超过其他行业。2005年8月27日,中国人民大学公共管理学院组织与人力资源研究所和新浪教育频道联合启动了“2005年中国教师职业压力和心理健康调查”,调查结果表明：教师生存状况堪忧,减压势在必行；超过80%的被调查教师反映压力较大；近30%的被调查教师存在严重的工作倦 First, the issue raised “Burnout” (burnout) is the 1974 American Feidenberg in describing and defining those who work in helping people because of working hours, excessive workload, work intensity is experiencing The concept of first use when in a state of exhaustion. According to Maslach, job burnout is a mental state composed of three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, cynicism and lack of personal accomplishment. This is an individual’s assessment of self, which manifests itself in lower individual’s evaluation of the significance and value of his work. Some psychological surveys conducted abroad show that the “degree of burns” of primary and secondary school teachers (that is, the willingness and fatigue of professional dedication) outweighs that of other industries. On August 27, 2005, Organizational and Human Resource Institute of Renmin University of China and Sina Education Channel jointly launched the Survey on Occupational Stress and Mental Health of Chinese Teachers in 2005. The survey results show that teachers’ living conditions are worrying and depressurization It is imperative that more than 80% of the surveyed teachers report greater pressure; nearly 30% of the surveyed teachers have serious job burnout