在“制度—人”视野下分析《大宪章》的出台过程可以发现一个制度变迁中偶然事件的意义:一方面,人们通常都是遵守现有制度,而非打破现状;另一方面,当偶然事件出现时,可以在主观能动性的支配下,在以后会巩固这次偶然事件带来的可能制度演进。不过,它的实现,不仅仅需要发挥主观能动性,更需要时间经过,即坚持。 The analysis of the introduction of the Magna Carta under the “system-people perspective” reveals the significance of contingencies in a system change: on the one hand, people usually abide by the existing system rather than breaking the status quo; on the other hand, When accidental events occur, they can later consolidate the possible institutional evolution brought by this contingency under the control of subjective initiative. However, its realization needs not only its subjective initiative but also its time-keeping.