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目的:探索中央空调冷却塔水军团菌生态学特征,为制定军团菌的预防控制措施提供依据。方法:采用分离培养的方法,对上海市部分地区中央空调冷却塔水中和冷却塔壁生物膜内的军团菌特征进行实验研究。结果:中央空调冷却塔水军团菌的消长与气温关系明显,尤其在夏秋季节,军团菌含量较高;在气温较低的冬春季节,水中军团菌不能检出,但中央空调冷却塔壁生物膜上仍能检出军团菌。结论:中央空调冷却塔水中军团菌消长具有季节性,生物膜为军团菌躲避不利环境提供庇护场所。
Objective: To explore the ecological characteristics of Legionella pneumophila in central air-conditioning cooling tower and provide the basis for the prevention and control measures of Legionella. Methods: The characteristics of Legionella in biofilm in water and cooling tower wall of central air-conditioning cooling tower in some parts of Shanghai were studied by means of isolation and culture. Results: The growth and decline of Legionella pneumophila in the central air-conditioning cooling tower had a significant relationship with air temperature, especially in summer and autumn. Legionella bacteria could not be detected in winter and spring with low air temperature. However, Legionella can still be detected on the membrane. Conclusion: The growth and decline of Legionella bacteria in the water of the central air conditioning cooling tower is seasonal, and the biofilm provides shelter for the Legionella bacteria to avoid adverse environment.