目的总结下肺结核X线表现并分析误诊原因,提高对下叶不典型肺结核的影像学诊断水平。方法 35例下肺结核患者经多次X线胸片和部分经CT检查,27例行病理证实,8例多次痰检证实。结果 35例下肺结核影像学均经病理或痰检证实为肺结核。结论仔细分析X线图像,结合临床特点,及时随访复查,是减少或避免误诊的关键。 Objective To summarize the X-ray findings of tuberculosis and analyze the causes of misdiagnosis, and to improve the imaging diagnosis of atypical lower tuberculosis. Methods Thirty-five patients with pulmonary tuberculosis underwent multiple X-ray and CT examinations. 27 cases were confirmed by pathology and 8 cases were confirmed by multiple sputum tests. Results Thirty-five cases of pulmonary tuberculosis underwent pathological or phlegm examination confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusions Careful analysis of X-ray images combined with clinical features and timely follow-up is the key to reduce or avoid misdiagnosis.