枯藤老树昏鸦, 小桥流水人家。古道西风瘦马, 夕阳西下, 断肠人在天涯。——马致远《天净沙·秋思》在元代的散曲小令里面,马致远的《天净沙》是相当出名的,它一共只有五句,写一个飘零异地的游子在秋天思念故乡。这首小令的五句曲子,从层次上看,头两句“枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家”,是描写客观景物;中间两句“古道西风瘦马,夕阳西下”,是借景生情; 末一句“断肠人在天涯”,才是正面抒发诗人的主观情感。但是头两句并不能跟后三句截然分开,因为头两句 Withered old tree faint crow, bridges people. Ancient Westerly wind thin horse, sunset west, heartbroken people in the world. - Ma Zhiyuan “Tianjing Sha · Autumn Thoughts” In the Yuan Dynasty Sanqu Xiao Ling, Ma Zhiyuan’s “Tian Jing Sha” is quite famous, it has a total of only five, write a wandering wanderer miss hometown in the autumn. In the first five sentences of this order, from the perspective of hierarchy, the first two sentences, “Withered and old trees faint crows and bridges,” are depictions of objective scenery; the middle two sentences, “Ancient Westerly winds and thin horses, sunset” Is by King scenery; the last sentence of “heartbroken people in the world”, is positive to express the poet’s subjective feelings. However, the first two sentences can not be completely separated from the last three sentences, for the first two sentences