《上海市中小学英语课程标准》指出:要提高教师的课程意识,引导教师遵循语言教学的规律,优化英语课程的实施过程,处理好“学得”与“习得”的关系,以习促学,拓展学习时空,提高英语教学效率。教材作为教学的蓝本,是指向学生传授知识、技能和思想的重要载体,它由信息、符号、媒介三个基本要素构成。把握教材并结合学生的认知予以再创造,使学生的学习更主动、更有效,是摆在教师面前的重要课题。一、听力Listening的“集中式”教学1、理论依据斯金纳的学习和教学理论,操作性行为 The “Standard of English Curriculum for Primary and Middle Schools in Shanghai” points out that it is necessary to improve teachers’ awareness of curriculums, guide teachers to follow the laws of language teaching, optimize the implementation of English curriculums, and handle the relationship between “learning” and “learning” , To promote learning, to expand learning space, improve English teaching efficiency. Teaching materials as a blueprint for teaching, is to teach students an important carrier of knowledge, skills and ideas, which consists of three basic elements of information, symbols, media. Grasp the teaching materials combined with the students’ cognition to be recreated so that students learn more initiative and more effective is an important issue before teachers. First, the hearing Listening “centralized ” teaching 1, based on Skinner’s theory of learning and teaching, operational sex