在实验的基础上对海冰的粘性效应及非线性特性进行了分析，并求出了对应常应变（ε＝０．１％）和常应力情况下的非线性因子．在理论分析方面，应用非线性粘弹性记忆衰退理论建立了积分型的本构方程；对线性Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ模型进行修正，建立了以应变表示的非线性微分型的本构方程，通过了实验验证，理论计算结果与实验曲线有较好吻合． Based on the experiments, the viscous effect and nonlinear characteristics of sea ice were analyzed, and the nonlinear factors corresponding to constant strain (ε=0.1%) and normal stress were obtained. In terms of theoretical analysis, an integral-type constitutive equation was established using the nonlinear viscoelastic memory decay theory; the linear Burgers model was modified and a nonlinear differential type constitutive equation expressed in terms of strain was established, and experimental verification was performed. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental curves.