Schneider一级症状有十一项,包括妄想知觉,三种与听幻觉有关的症状(思维化声、争论性幻听、评论性幻听),七种妄想(被控制妄想、思维被夺、思维插入、思维被扩散、被强加的情感、被强加的冲动、被强加的意志行为)。当排除了中毒性和器质性精神病后,这些项目被认为是精分症的特征性症状。为探索一级症状在精分症患者中出现的频度,与病程、家族史和疗效的关系,我们从急性科一个病区内的男性精神病患者,随机抽取1983年7～9月和1984年1～9月的住院病人 Schneider’s first-level symptoms were eleven, including delusional perception, three symptoms associated with auditory hallucinations (thoughtfulness, controversial auditory hallucinations, auditory hallucinations), seven delusions (delusions of control, mind-grabbing, thinking Insert, the spread of thinking, the emotion that is imposed, the urge to impose, the will to be imposed). When ruled out toxic and organic mental illness, these items are considered to be characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia. In order to explore the frequency of first-grade symptoms in patients with sperm disease, the relationship with the course of disease, family history and efficacy, we randomly selected male psychiatric patients in a ward of acute department from July to September 1983 and 1984 1 to 9 months inpatient