一、“发动南北战争的小妇人”——斯托夫人美国著名女性作家哈里叶特·比彻·斯托凭借小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的创作被称为“发动南北战争的小妇人”[1]。在这部小说中,斯托夫人讲述了以汤姆叔叔、伊莱扎为代表的美国黑人生活,披露了在白人主流社会中黑人的悲惨境遇,由此引发了关于反抗种族主义的社会呼声,间接地推动了美国废奴运动的发展。虽然说斯托夫人凭借《汤姆叔叔的小屋》发动了美国南北战争略显夸张,但是这部作品及斯托夫人种 First, the “Little Woman Who Initiated the Civil War” - “Mrs. Stowe The famous American female writer Harriet Beecher Stowe was referred to as” Uncle Tom’s Cabin “by the novel” Launch of the Civil War Little woman “[1]. In this novel, Mrs. Stowe tells the story of Afro-American living represented by Uncle Tom and Elijah and reveals the miserable conditions of blacks in the mainstream of white society. As a result, social calls for resistance to racism have been indirectly induced To promote the development of the United States abolitionist movement. Although Mrs. Stowe made a slight exaggeration by launching the American Civil War with ”Uncle Tom’s Cabin," this work, along with Stoudemire