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[目的]针对水稻害虫抗药性上升、化学防治药剂缺乏的现状,2015年在长江中下游地区开展了具有不同作用机理的杀虫剂对水稻稻飞虱、二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟的田间防治效果研究。[结果]吡蚜酮、呋虫胺、烯啶虫胺对稻飞虱的防效较好,药后5、10 d的防效分别为80.3%、78.6%、81.9%和90.4%、86.0%、91.1%;异丙威、噻虫嗪、氟啶虫胺腈对白背飞虱防效明显优于褐飞虱,药后5、10 d的防效分别为90.7%、79.3%、92.6%和93.5%、98.3%、98.3%;毒死蜱、噻嗪酮对稻飞虱(褐飞虱、白背飞虱)防效较差,均低于79.2%。双酰胺类杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺对二化螟残虫防效较好,药后21 d防效为80%以上;沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂杀虫单对二化螟残虫防效较差,防效为43.2%~72.7%;与氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺对二化螟残虫防效相比,有机磷类杀虫剂毒死蜱、三唑磷、沙蚕毒素类杀虫剂杀螟丹、昆虫生长调节剂甲氧虫酰肼的防效有明显的差异,这可能与当地用药习惯和二化螟抗药性有关。双酰胺类杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺、四氯虫酰胺、缩氨基脲类杀虫剂茚虫威对稻纵卷叶螟保叶效果较好,药后14 d都在85%以上,有机磷类杀虫剂稻丰散保叶效果较差。[结论]建议水稻主要害虫防治,轮换使用吡蚜酮、烯啶虫胺、呋虫胺防治稻飞虱,轮换使用双酰胺类、乙酰甲胺磷防治二化螟,轮换使用双酰胺类、茚虫威防治稻纵卷叶螟。
[Objective] In order to improve the resistance of rice pests and the lack of chemical control agents, the pesticides with different mechanism of action against rice planthoppers, rice stem borers and rice leaf roller were developed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2015 Study on Field Control Effect. [Result] Pymetrozine, dinotefuran and nitenpyram had good control effects on planthoppers. The control effects were 80.3%, 78.6%, 81.9% and 90.4%, 86.0% , 91.1% respectively. The control effect of isoprocarb, thiamethoxam and fluronidil on whitebacked planthopper was better than that on the brown planthopper, the control efficacy was 90.7%, 79.3%, 92.6% and 93.5% , 98.3% and 98.3%, respectively. The control effect of chlorpyrifos and buprofezin on planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera) were all less than 79.2%. Bisamide insecticides chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide have a good control effect on the stem borers of the rice stem borers, and the control effect is over 80% on the 21st day after treatment. Nereispenicid insecticides insecticidal single-pair Compared with the control effect of chlorantranilone and flubendiamide on the control effect of the stem borers, the control effect of the organophosphate insecticides chlorpyrifos, triazole Phosphorus, Nereis textiles insecticide cartap chongnong, insect growth regulator methoxyfenozide have significant differences in the control effect, which may be related to local drug use and resistance to stem borer resistance. Bisamide insecticides Chlorantraniliprole, Flubendiamide, Tetrazinamide and the semicarbazone insecticide Indoxacarb has a better leaf-keeping effect on the rice leafroller than that on the 14th day after treatment More than 85%, organophosphate insecticide rice paddy leaves are less effective. [Conclusion] It is suggested that the main pests in rice should be controlled and rotated using pymetrozine, nitenpyram and dinotefuran to control planthoppers, alternate use of bisamides, acephate to control the stem borer, rotation of bisamides, indene Insect Granula control rice leaf roller.