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为模拟空间碎片超高速撞击航天器防护结构表面材料喷射/溅射粒子场演化过程,并获取粒子场相关物理信息,基于粒子场同轴激光全息图像开展了碎片撞击过程的三维重构技术研究.首先对全息图像进行边缘剪切和缩放,将其划分为分辨率300×300左右的子图像以便于进行网格剖分;对于粒子堆叠区域子图像,采用基于三角化的网格剖分算法;剖分后形成的单一粒子采用Sobel算子提取其二维轮廓,然后将其投影到特定的三维空间形成三维形体;基于MAXScript语言实现了粒子场演化过程模拟.重构结果表明,无论是粒子场静态三维重构结果还是其演化过程均与撞击试验全息图像吻合较好,从而验证了该重构技术的有效性,为研究空间碎片对航天器防护结构的损伤效应提供了一种新的思路.
In order to simulate the evolution of jet / sputter particle field of spacecraft surface protected by high-speed impact space debris and to obtain the relevant physical information of particle field, a three-dimensional reconstruction of debris impact process based on the particle field coaxial laser holographic image was studied. Firstly, the holographic image is cut and scaled by the edge, which is divided into sub-images with a resolution of 300 × 300 to facilitate the meshing. For sub-images in the particle-stacking region, a meshing algorithm based on triangulation is adopted. The single particles formed after the segmentation were extracted by Sobel operator and then projected into a specific three-dimensional space to form a three-dimensional shape. Based on the MAXScript language, the simulation of the evolution of the particle field was performed. The reconstruction results show that, The results of static 3D reconstruction and its evolution are in good agreement with the impact test holographic images, which verifies the effectiveness of this reconstruction technique and provides a new idea for studying the damage effect of space debris on the spacecraft structure.