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目的:了解宁波市江北区5岁以下儿童死亡情况及发展情况,以便作出针对性措施降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,提高儿童保健质量,并为主管部门提供参考依据。方法:利用每年收集统计的儿童死亡资料,包括:2000～2009年的出生数、5岁以下儿童死亡数,死亡原因等资料,并作详细核查,对宁波市江北区2000～2009年5岁以下儿童死亡情况进行分析、讨论;再与1990～1999年的死亡资料作对比。结果:①本地户口2000～2009年儿童死亡率比1990～1999年的儿童死亡率明显下降;②外来流动人口儿童死亡人数逐年升高;③儿童死亡原因:先天畸形、早产低体重、新生儿窒息、意外死亡等为20年来的主要死因,20世纪90年代肺炎也是儿童死亡的主要原因,但近10年死于该病人数明显减少,与之相反的是,死于恶性肿瘤的儿童却明显增加。结论:宁波市江北区5岁以下儿童死亡率目前已降到历史最低,今后要进一步降低死亡率,重点仍是加强孕期保健,减少早产低体重儿及畸形儿出生,预防新生儿窒息。关注流动人口儿童保健。
Objective: To understand the death and development of children under 5 in Jiangbei District of Ningbo City in order to make targeted measures to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age and improve the quality of child health care, and provide reference for the competent authorities. Methods: The statistical data of child death were collected each year, including the number of births from 2000 to 2009, the number of deaths of children under 5 and the cause of death. The detailed verification was carried out. The data of children death under 5 years old from 2000 to 2009 in Jiangbei District of Ningbo City Child mortality analysis, discussion; again with the death data from 1990 to 1999 for comparison. Results: ①The death rate of children in local household from 2000 to 2009 decreased significantly from 1990 to 1999. ② The death toll of migrant children increased year by year. ③ The causes of death of children: congenital malformation, premature birth, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia Accidental death was the leading cause of death in 20 years. In the 1990s, pneumonia was also the leading cause of death among children, but the number of deaths from pneumonia in the 1990s was significantly reduced. On the contrary, children who died of malignant tumors increased significantly . Conclusion: The death rate of children under 5 years of age in Jiangbei District of Ningbo City has now dropped to the lowest level in history. In the future, it is necessary to further reduce the mortality rate. The emphasis is still on strengthening the health care during pregnancy, reducing the birth of preterm low birth weight children and deformed children, and preventing neonatal asphyxia. Focus on migrant child health.