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2001年教育部颁发了《幼儿园教育指导纲要(试行)》(以下简称新《纲要》)。这标志着我国幼儿教育改革迈进了一个新阶段。新《纲要》第二部分对科学领域的教育内容和教育要求的表述方式,与以往有很大的不同。它没有将教师教什么和幼儿学什么逐条罗列出来,而是以在教学活动中教师应该做什么和追求什么这种方式将教学内容涵盖其中。这其中体现了对儿童学习活动的认识更全面,体现了对科学知识的更深层次的认识,同时还体现了对幼儿教育特点的认识更深刻,也更突出。无论是一线教师,还是在校学生,对这一部分的解读,都有助于提高和加深对幼儿科学领域教育的认识,有助于提高幼儿园科学活动的有效性。
In 2001 the Ministry of Education issued the “Kindergarten Education Guidance Outline (Trial)” (hereinafter referred to as the new “Outline”). This marks a new stage in the reform of early childhood education in our country. The second part of the new “Outline” describes the educational content and educational requirements in the field of science quite differently than in the past. It does not list what the teachers teach and what the children learn. Instead, it covers the content of what the teacher should do and what to pursue in the teaching activities. This shows a more comprehensive understanding of children’s learning activities, reflecting a deeper understanding of scientific knowledge, but also reflects the understanding of the characteristics of early childhood education more profound and more prominent. Whether it is a front-line teacher or an in-school student, this part of the interpretation will help to enhance and deepen the understanding of education in the field of early childhood science and help to improve the effectiveness of scientific activities in kindergartens.