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利用化学自组装方法和旋涂技术,成功地将二氧化硅(SiO2)微球体植入聚苯乙烯微球组成的蛋白石中,获得了嵌有面缺陷的三维胶体晶体。经SiO2渗透后,煅烧除去聚苯乙烯微球,获得了反相结构的光子晶体。胶体球粒直径增大时,无论晶体中有无缺陷态的存在,蛋白石及其反相结构透射谱中峰的位置发生红移,反之则产生蓝移。在胶体球粒直径一定时,对于降低折射率的缺陷,其透射谱峰中缺陷态的位置发生红移;对于增加折射率的缺陷,其透射谱峰中缺陷态的位置发生蓝移。透射谱还与缺陷层的厚度等因素有关。
Using chemical self-assembly method and spin-coating technique, silica (SiO2) microspheres were successfully implanted into opal made of polystyrene microspheres to obtain three-dimensional colloidal crystals embedded with surface defects. After permeation of SiO2, the polystyrene microspheres were calcined and removed to obtain photonic crystals with reverse phase structure. When the diameter of colloidal particles increases, the positions of the peaks in the transmission spectrum of opal and its anti-phase structure undergo redshift regardless of the presence or absence of defects in the crystal and blue shift on the contrary. When the diameter of the colloidal particles is constant, the position of the defect in the transmission peak is red-shifted for the purpose of reducing the refractive index defect, and the position of the defect in the transmission peak is blue-shifted for the purpose of increasing the refractive index. Transmission spectrum is also related to the thickness of the defect layer and other factors.