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目的探求女性乳腺癌的危险因素,为乳腺癌的防治提供依据。方法采用个体匹配病例对照研究方法,通过问卷调查,得到2005年1月至2008年6月入院的经病理组织学确诊的女性乳腺癌新发病例的暴露信息。利用Ep iData软件进行数据录入和SPSS分析,使用logistic回归模型对乳腺癌危险因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果多因素logisitic回归分析显示月经经期不规则(OR=10.66)、乳腺有外伤史(OR=10.87)、乳腺有肿块(OR=7.69)、受过较大精神刺激(OR=13.16)和食用大蒜(OR=0.42)等因素与乳腺癌发病有关。结论平湖市女性乳腺癌主要危险因素是:月经经期不规则、乳腺有外伤史、乳腺有肿块、受过较大精神刺激,而喜食大蒜是乳腺癌的保护因素。加强营养饮食指导,增强体育锻炼,保持良好的精神状态,改变不健康的生活方式,将有效预防平湖市乳腺癌的发病。
Objective To explore the risk factors of breast cancer in women and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Methods A matched case-control study was conducted by means of questionnaire survey. The exposure information of newly diagnosed cases of breast cancer confirmed by histopathology from January 2005 to June 2008 was obtained. Using Ep iData software for data entry and SPSS analysis, single factor and multivariate analysis of risk factors for breast cancer were performed using logistic regression model. Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed irregular menstruation (OR = 10.66), history of trauma in the breast (OR = 10.87), mass in the breast (OR = 7.69), greater mental stimulation (OR = OR = 0.42) and other factors associated with breast cancer. Conclusions The main risk factors of breast cancer in Pinghu are irregular menstruation, history of trauma in breast, lumps in mammary gland, and greater mental stimulation, while eating garlic is a protective factor in breast cancer. Strengthen nutrition and diet guidance, enhance physical activity, maintain good mental state, change unhealthy lifestyles, will effectively prevent the incidence of breast cancer in Pinghu.