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一、引言物质热容的测定,是量热学的主要任务之一,它在理论研究和实际应用上都占有很重要的地位。例如,在化学热力学上计算化学反应热随温度的变化,准确求平衡常数同温度的关系,以及根据热力学第三定律计算熵,均需要准确可靠的热容数据。此外,热容的测定在研究物质结构和确定物质的相变点,以及对物质纯度的测定等方面都起着重要的作用。
I. INTRODUCTION The determination of material heat capacity is one of the major tasks of calorimetry. It occupies a very important position in theoretical research and practical application. For example, calculating the change of chemical reaction heat with temperature in chemical thermodynamics, accurately finding the relationship between equilibrium constant and temperature, and calculating entropy according to the third law of thermodynamics require accurate and reliable heat capacity data. In addition, the determination of heat capacity plays an important role in studying the structure of the material and determining the phase transition point of the material, as well as the determination of the material purity.