战后以来,随着科学技术的飞跃发展,一些发达国家为使科技尽快转化为生产力,竞相建立高级技术的研究开发基地——“科学城”。它被称为“未来战略产业的摇篮”及“国际科技交流的桥梁”,引起了各国的极大兴趣。国外的“科学城”按照西方科技界的说法,就是将高精尖技术的学术功能、生产功能及居住功能有机结合为一体的“科研、工业复合体”。在科研上,它既探索基础理论,亦从事应用和发展研究,培养科学人才。在生产上,它进行电子、机械电子、新型原料等高技术产品的生产,并为传统基础工业的改造提供装备和工艺。在居住上,环境优美、交通便利、体育娱乐设施齐备。总之,是“人、自然、文化浑然一体的面向二十一世纪的新型城市”。国外的“科学城”大致可分为两类:一类是“自发形成型”。它们的所在地具有适合高技术工业发展的交通、气候、人才、信息等优越条件,再加上政府在税 Since the war, with the rapid development of science and technology, some developed countries have vied to establish science and technology research and development bases for the rapid transformation of science and technology into productive forces. It is called “the cradle of the future strategic industry” and “the bridge of international scientific and technological exchanges,” arousing great interest from all countries. According to western science and technology circles, the “Science City” abroad is a “scientific research and industrial complex” that organically combines the academic functions, production functions and residential functions of sophisticated technologies. In scientific research, it not only explores basic theories, but also engages in applied and developmental research and training of scientific personnel. In production, it produces high-tech products such as electronics, mechatronics, and new raw materials, and provides equipment and processes for the transformation of traditional basic industries. In living, beautiful environment, convenient transportation, sports and entertainment facilities. In short, it is a “new city oriented toward the 21st century, where people, nature and culture are integrated.” Foreign “Science City” can be roughly divided into two categories: one is “spontaneous formation.” Their location has the favorable conditions of transportation, climate, human resources and information suitable for the development of high-tech industries. Coupled with the government’s tax