“侗族大歌”历史悠久、内容丰富,其产生、发展和传承与当地的生态息息相关。本文基于“侗族大歌之乡”岩洞侗寨的实地调查,拟从自然生态、社会生态和人文生态三个方面入手,探究生态对“侗族大歌”生存状态的影响,并试图从保护自然生态、完善社会生态、维护人文生态等基础性保护路径来反思和考量“侗族大歌”的传承与保护。 “Dong Song ” has a long history and rich content, its production, development and inheritance is closely related with the local ecology. Based on the field investigation of “Dong folk song ” cave dong village, this article from the three aspects of natural ecology, social ecology and humane ecology, to explore the ecological impact on the living conditions of From the protection of natural ecology, improve the social ecology, the protection of human ecology and other basic protection path to reflect on and consider “Dong song ” inheritance and protection.