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病毒携带状态凡将 HBsAg 存在超过6个月者称为长期携带状态。携带状态可能伴有肝损害。HBV 在人类中的存活,因有估计达一亿二千万之多的长期携带者作为储存宿主而得以保证。在外表看来健康的成人中,HBsAg 的携带率从欧洲、北美及澳大利亚的0.1%到某几个热带国家的15%不等。有许多高发因素与携带状态的发生有关。男性携带者更为常见,在儿童期获得感染者较之在成年期感染者更易成为携带者,有先天性或获得性免疫机能缺陷者容(?)成为携带者。曾有报道认为,与 HL—A 的特异性有关,但不能肯定。
Virus-carrying status Anyone who has HBsAg for more than 6 months is referred to as a long-term carrying status. Carriage may be accompanied by liver damage. The survival of HBV in humans is guaranteed as a long-term carrier with an estimated up to 120 million as a storage host. Of externally healthy adults, HBsAg carries rates ranging from 0.1% in Europe, North America and Australia to 15% in some tropical countries. There are many high-risk factors associated with the occurrence of the carrier status. Men carriers are more common, and those who become infected during childhood are more likely to become carriers than those who are infected during adulthood. Patients with congenital or acquired immune deficiencies become carriers. It has been reported that, with the specificity of HL-A, but not sure.