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以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为硬段、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为亲水单体,采用粒料法合成了不同Mη(黏均相对分子质量)和不同软段的PU(聚氨酯)离聚物粒料,并制备了固含量约为40%的PUD(PU分散体)。结果表明:PU的Mη随R值[R=n(-NCO)/n(-OH)]增加呈先升后降态势;PU的Mη越高,PUD的平均粒径越小,粒径分布越窄,黏度越大;PUD粒子呈大小不一的球形结构,并且PU的Mη越高,PUD胶膜的拉伸强度越大;聚酯型PUD胶膜的拉伸强度大于聚醚型PUD,并且前者的软段和硬段之间相容性较好,而后者的软段和硬段之间因出现相分离现象而相容性较差;PUD胶膜的吸水率均不超过5.93%,说明其耐水性能优异。
In this paper, PU with different Mη (viscosity average molecular weight) and different soft segments were synthesized by the pellet method with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as hard segment and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) as hydrophilic monomer. (Polyurethane) ionomer pellets and a PUD (PU dispersion) with a solids content of about 40% was prepared. The results showed that the Mη of PU increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of R value [R = n (-NCO) / n (-OH)]. The higher the Mη of PU, the smaller the average particle size of PUD Narrow and the viscosity is bigger; PUD particles are spherical with different sizes, and the higher the Mη of PU is, the higher the tensile strength of PUD film is; the tensile strength of polyester PUD film is larger than polyether PUD, and The former has better compatibility between soft and hard segments, while the latter has poor compatibility due to the phase separation phenomenon between the soft and hard segments; the water absorption of PUD film does not exceed 5.93%, indicating that Its water resistance is excellent.