十九世纪六十年代末七十年代初,德意志和意大利在经历了数百年的封建割据以后,差不多同时完成了民族统一的大业。对这两个国家统一的历史过程作些分析比较,研究他们的特点和产生这些特点的原因,不仅可以加深对德、意民族统一运动的认识,而且有助于理解这一时期欧洲资产阶级民族民主运动的特点。两国都走了“自上而下”的统一道路在经过1848年革命风暴的洗礼之后,到了六十年代,欧洲一些主要国家的工业革命 In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Germany and Italy, after hundreds of years of feudal separatism, completed the great cause of national reunification almost at the same time. A comparative analysis of the historical process of the reunification of the two countries, the study of their characteristics and the reasons for their emergence, can not only deepen the understanding of the unification movement of Germany and Italy, but also help to understand the history of the European bourgeoisie during this period Characteristics of the democratic movement. After both countries took the “top-down” road of unification after the baptism of the revolutionary storm of 1848, by the 1960s, the industrial revolutions in some major European countries