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目的探讨先天性心脏病与患儿父母孕前半年及孕期环境因素暴露的相关性。方法选取2013年1月-2013年12月间该市妇幼保健院现场调查,同时通过常规听诊和B超筛查并由该院确诊的先天性心脏病患儿112例为研究组,选取同期在该院分娩的112例健康婴幼儿为对照组。采用问卷调查方式收集两组的人口学资料、孕期情况、不良妊娠和疾病史、新生儿一般情况,进行统计学分析。结果母亲孕前半年工作生活环境嘈杂、孕早期服用激素史、孕早期感冒、孕期环境嘈杂、自然流产史、产检显示母亲或胎儿异常与先天性心脏病患儿之间存在明显相关性(P<0.05),是生育先天性心脏病患儿的独立危险因素;母亲孕前半年工作生活环境嘈杂与生育房间隔缺损患儿之间存在明显相关性(P<0.05);父亲孕前半年重金属暴露、产检显示母亲或胎儿异常与生育室间隔缺损患儿之间存在明显相关性(P<0.05)。结论父母孕前半年及孕期环境因素暴露因素与生育先天性心脏病患儿之间存在明显关联,应控制备孕期父母工作生活中上述危险因素暴露,降低先天性心脏病发生风险。
Objective To investigate the correlation between congenital heart disease and environmental factors in the first half of pregnancy and during pregnancy. Methods From January 2013 to December 2013, the survey of MCH hospital in the city was conducted. One hundred and twelve children with congenital heart disease diagnosed by routine auscultation and B-ultrasonography were selected as the study group. The hospital delivery of 112 healthy infants as the control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic data, pregnancy status, history of adverse pregnancy and illness, and general conditions of newborns for statistical analysis. Results The mothers’ working or living environment was noisy in the first half of pregnancy, the history of taking hormones during the first trimester, the cold in the first trimester, the noisy environment during pregnancy, the history of spontaneous abortion and the birth examination showed that there was a significant correlation between maternal or fetal abnormalities and children with congenital heart disease ) Was an independent risk factor for children with congenital heart disease. There was a significant correlation between noisy mother’s working and living conditions and children with atrial septal defect in the first half of pregnancy (P <0.05) There was a significant correlation between fetal abnormality and children with VSD (P <0.05). Conclusion There is a clear correlation between the factors of exposure to environmental factors during the first half of pregnancy and pregnancy and the children with congenital heart disease. Exposure of the above risk factors should be controlled during pregnancy and pregnancy, and the risk of congenital heart disease should be reduced.