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卢卡奇因在《历史与阶级意识》中提出物化理论而奠定了其作为西方马克思主义研究者先驱的地位。物化理论的提出有特定的时代背景和理论渊源。在物化理论中卢卡奇从商品经济的特点出发,辨析了经济、政治和意识的物化,指出了物化对人的禁锢,并针对应如何克服物化提出了辩证的总体性理论。卢卡奇认为,消除物化的主体是无产阶级,消除物化是一个极为漫长的历史过程,其中无产阶级的自我意识极其重要。物化理论对当今社会的发展有着重要的指导意义。
Lukacs laid a pioneer position as a Western Marxist researcher for his theory of materialization in “History and Class Consciousness”. The materialized theory has a specific background and theoretical origin. In the theory of materialization, Lukacs started from the characteristics of commodity economy, analyzed the materialization of economy, politics and consciousness, pointed out the imprisonment of materialization to human beings, and put forward the dialectical general theory on how to overcome the materialization. Lukacs argues that the elimination of materialism is the proletariat and that the elimination of materialization is a very long historical process in which the proletarian self-consciousness is of paramount importance. The theory of materialization has an important guiding significance for the development of today’s society.