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四、壁座及支承环西德冻结施工的井筒多在冻结段底部设置壁座及支承环,一般设在冻结深度以下比较稳定的基岩内。钢筋混凝土壁座主要用来支承整个冻结段井壁的重量,其下的钢筋混凝土支承环则主要用来承受水平压力。劳特巴赫风井和波尔祖姆二号井冻结段井壁壁座结构型式分别如图4、图5所示。波尔祖姆二号井,壁座中间部位往下稍变宽,与岩层的接触面辅上沥青板(4厘米厚)。由于壁座的荷载,预计本身要有个小的沉降,这样就使壁座向沥青板方向挤压而保持这个范围的密封防水性。壁座的上部向上变窄,当壁座下沉时将与岩层间形成一个缝隙,用水泥浆进行注浆处理,并包括
Fourth, the wall and the support ring West Germany freeze construction of the wellbore at the bottom of the freezing section of the wall set up and support ring, generally located below the freezing depth of relatively stable bedrock. Reinforced concrete wall base is mainly used to support the entire freezing section bore wall weight, the reinforced concrete support ring is mainly used to withstand horizontal pressure. The structure types of wellbore wall seat of Lauterbach wind shaft and Bolzum II well frozen section are shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, respectively. Bolzum II, middle of the wall seat slightly wider down, the contact surface with the rock formation of asphalt board (4 cm thick). Due to the load on the wall, it is expected that there will be a small settlement on its own, thus squeezing the wall seat toward the asphalt board to maintain the sealed water-tightness in this area. The upper part of the wall seat narrows upwards and forms a gap with the rock formation when the wall seat sinks and is grouted with grout and includes