国际上对人口问题的讨论,经历了战前和战后两个阶段。在二次大战前的人口讨论,仅限于学术界,其内容限于人口再生产等学术问题;二次大战后,尤其是进入了六十年代,当世界人口增长速度达到人类历史前所未有的高峰,由此而出现的问题越来越多,国际论坛对人口问题的讨论便变得全然不同以往了。关于人口问题的争论跳出了纯学术圈圈,登上了世界政治和经济舞台,而与耕地、粮食、农业、资源、环境等等经济和社会问题密切联系起来。“人口与发展”成为各国政府共同关心的重大国际课题。人口·耕地·粮食对于广大发展中国家来说,在“人口与发展”这个大主题中,人口与耕地、粮食的问题乃是最主要的。五十年代以来,发展中国家的人口以高速度递增,但是这些国家耕地有 The international discussion of the population issue has gone through two stages: pre-war and post-war. Population discussions before the Second World War were confined to academia and their content was limited to academic issues such as population reproduction. After World War II, especially into the 1960s, as the world’s population grew at an unprecedented peak in human history, As more and more problems emerge, the discussion on population issues in the international forums has become completely different from the past. The debate on the population issue has jumped out of the purely academic circle and boarded the world political and economic arena, which is closely linked with economic and social issues such as arable land, food, agriculture, resources and the environment. “Population and development” have become major international issues of common concern to all governments. Population, Cultivated Land, and Food For the vast number of developing countries, population and cultivated land and food are the most important issues in the major theme of “population and development.” Since the 1950s, the population of developing countries has been increasing at a high speed, but the cultivated land in these countries