梯度———波扰效应是我们最近提出来的．其含义是：在梯度环境中，如质点有向某方向运动的趋势，则在波扰动该环境时，质点更有利于沿原来有利的方向运动．这个效应的物理机制是波动引起的后果逆于梯度和顺于梯度时是不同的．顺者可促使质点更有利于运动．对于地震问题来... Gradient --- wave effect is what we recently proposed. The implication is that in a gradient environment, if the particle has the tendency to move in a certain direction, the particle will be more favorable to move in the original favorable direction when the wave perturbs on the environment. The physical mechanism of this effect is that the consequences of fluctuations are different from those of gradients and of gradients. The same can promote the particles more conducive to exercise. For earthquake problems ...