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东德是世界上钾盐矿产资源较丰富的国家之一,开采历史悠久,从1861年至今已有一百多年。1970年成立钾盐联合企业,统一管理全国钾盐开采、加工以及科研设计工作。年产氯化钾250万吨,氯化钠120万吨,居世界第五位。东德每亩耕地施肥量高达213市斤,居世界领先地位。东德钾盐矿床地质西欧2.25亿年前晚二叠世是一个巨大的盆地。这个盆地以东德和西德北部为中心,东至波兰,西到英国中部,盆地南面为华力西褶皱带,西北有一海峡和大洋相通,为一良好的半封闭盆地。在干旱气候条件下,蒸发浓缩沉积形成厚达千余米的含盐岩系,底部为砾岩、含铜页岩和白云岩。盐类沉积由于和大洋相通的海峡曾有四次升降,相应出现四个旋回,每一旋回都是从粘土岩、硬石膏、石盐钾盐到上覆石盐硬石膏组成。
East Germany is one of the richest countries in the world for potash mineral resources. Mining has a long history and it has been more than 100 years since 1861. In 1970, a joint venture of potash and salt was established to manage the entire country’s potash mining, processing and research and design work. With an annual output of 2.5 million tons of potassium chloride, sodium chloride 1.2 million tons, ranking fifth in the world. East Germany fertilizers per acre of cultivated land up to 213 catties, ranking the world leader. East Germany Potash Deposit Geology Western Europe 225 million years ago Late Permian is a huge basin. The basin is centered on the east of Germany and the north of West Germany, east of Poland, west of central England, south of the basin is the Variscan fold belt, and northwest has a strait and ocean connected, making it a good semi-closed basin. Under arid climatic conditions, salt-rich rock formations thicker than a thousand meters thick are formed by evaporation and condensation, with conglomerate, copper-bearing shale and dolomite at the bottom. Salt Sedimentation Since the strait connected to the ocean had been raised and lowered four times, correspondingly, four cycles occurred. Each cycle consisted of clay rock, anhydrite, and the salt of potassium salt to the overlying salt of anhydrite.