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目的了解广州市市售食品中食源性致病菌污染及分布情况,发现食品安全隐患,为制定食品安全措施提供科学依据。方法 2013-2015年共采集广州市市售6类共1 633份食品样品,对副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌、创伤弧菌、沙门氏菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、单增李斯特氏菌等进行监测分析。结果 1 633份样品中共检出食源性致病菌132株,总检出率为8.08%。食源性致病菌中创伤弧菌的检出率最高(7.85%),其次分别为蜡样芽胞杆菌(7.01%)、副溶血性弧菌(3.48%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(2.36%)、致泻大肠埃希氏菌(1.47%)、单增李斯特氏菌(0.24%)和沙门氏菌(0.06%)。不同食品类别中生食动物性水产品检出率最高,达到了16.75%,其次分别为烘焙食品(11.93%)、凉拌菜(11.67%)、散装盒饭(9.33%)、预包装冷藏盒饭(5.42%)和熟肉制品(2.93%),不同食品食源性致病菌检出率差异有统计学意义。不同采样场所中采自餐饮店的食品食源性致病菌检出率最高(11.14%),其次分别为是零售店(9.11%)、超市(6.77%),最低的是农贸肉菜市场(4.32%)。散装食品食源性致病菌检出率(8.76%)高于预包装食品的检出率(4.73%)。结论广州市市售食品存在不同程度的食源性致病菌污染,应持续开展食品安全风险监测,有针对性地强化监管,预防和控制食源性疾病的发生。
Objective To understand the contamination and distribution of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in the commercially available foods in Guangzhou and to find the hidden dangers of food safety and to provide a scientific basis for formulating food safety measures. Methods A total of 1 633 food samples from 6 types of foodstuffs sold in Guangzhou were collected from 2013 to 2015. The samples were positive for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Vibrio vulnificus, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus , Listeria monocytogenes and other monitoring analysis. Results 132 strains of food-borne pathogens were detected in 1 633 samples with a total detection rate of 8.08%. Vibrio vulnificus was the highest in foodborne pathogens (7.85%), followed by Bacillus cereus (7.01%), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (3.48%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.36%), , Diarrhea Escherichia coli (1.47%), Listeria monocytogenes (0.24%) and Salmonella (0.06%). The highest detection rate of raw food animal aquatic products was 16.75% in different food categories, followed by bakery products (11.93%), cold salad (11.67%), bulk lunch (9.33%), pre-packaged cold box lunch (5.42% ) And cooked meat products (2.93%). The detection rates of food-borne pathogens in different foodstuffs were significantly different. The highest detection rates of food-borne pathogens (11.14%) were in different sampling sites, followed by retail stores (9.11%) and supermarkets (6.77%), and the lowest was in Peasant Market 4.32%). The detection rate of foodborne pathogens in bulk food (8.76%) is higher than that of pre-packaged food (4.73%). Conclusion There are different levels of food-borne pathogenic bacteria in the commercially available foods in Guangzhou City. Food safety risk monitoring should be continued to strengthen the supervision, prevent and control the occurrence of food-borne diseases in a targeted manner.