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目的了解神经外科重症监护病房(NICU)医院感染病原菌的种类、感染部位的分布及病原菌的耐药性,为医院感染的预防与控制提供参考。方法以回顾性分析的方法,对2006年1月-2007年12月入住医院NICU有明确医院感染的患者临床资料进行分析。结果共检出医院感染病原菌325株,G-杆菌占46.8%,G+球菌占43.1%,真菌占10.2%;G-杆菌以铜绿假单胞菌为主,占17.2%,G+球菌以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,占20.0%,真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占5.5%;病原菌检出以下呼吸道为最高,占59.7%,其次为脑脊液占22.5%;金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗菌药物除复方新诺明耐药率在9.2%较低外,其余均>50.0%,铜绿假单胞菌除对亚胺培南耐药率在30.8%,其余也均>50.0%。结论NICU医院感染以金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主已经呈现多药耐药,加强专科ICU建设和医院感染的认识,针对NICU的特点,采取相应预防措施,控制和减少感染的发生。
Objective To understand the types of nosocomial pathogens, the distribution of infection sites and the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU) hospitals and provide reference for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods The clinical data of patients with confirmed nosocomial infection in hospital NICU from January 2006 to December 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 325 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in hospitals, accounting for 46.8% of G-bacteria, 43.1% of G + bacteria and 10.2% of fungi. The majority of G-bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, accounting for 17.2% Cocci, accounting for 20.0%. The majority of fungi were Candida albicans, accounting for 5.5%. Pathogenic bacteria detected the following respiratory tract as the highest, accounting for 59.7%, followed by cerebrospinal fluid (22.5%). Staphylococcus aureus The cotrimoxazole resistance rate was lower than 9.2%, the rest were> 50.0%. The rate of resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa except imipenem was 30.8%, and the others were all> 50.0%. Conclusions NICU nosocomial infection with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been characterized by multidrug resistance, which has strengthened the knowledge of specialist ICU construction and nosocomial infections. In response to the characteristics of NICU, appropriate preventive measures are taken to control and reduce the occurrence of infection .