论文部分内容阅读
随着外科疗法、化疗、放疗和抗菌药广泛应用 ,恶性肿瘤医院感染不断增加。了解当前医院感染病原菌耐药性播散趋势 ,可针对性选择防治医院感染的有效药。葡萄球菌医院感染可选择氨基青霉素 +酶抑制剂、苯唑西林以及第一、二代头孢菌素 ;肠球菌医院感染 ,约 90 %粪肠球菌对氨基青霉素敏感 ,对该药敏感的屎肠球菌不足 5 0 % ,对氨基青霉素耐药性肠球菌医院感染应选用万古霉素 ;肠杆菌医院感染的治疗 ,第一代和第二代头孢菌素分别对大肠埃希氏菌、奇异变形菌和克雷伯氏菌有效 ,产广谱 β -内酰胺酶肠杆菌菌株通常对青霉素 +酶抑制剂、第四代头孢菌素和碳青霉烯类药敏感。本文对铜绿假单胞菌、厌氧菌和真菌医院感染的治疗以及对医院感染的联合用药方法和预防问题也做了简要评价
With the widespread use of surgical therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and antimicrobial agents, nosocomial infections are on the rise. Understand the current trend of hospital infection pathogens spread of drug-resistant, targeted prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections can be effective drugs. Staphylococcus aureus hospital infection can choose aminopenicillin + enzyme inhibitors, oxacillin and the first and second generation cephalosporins; enterococci nosocomial infection, about 90% of Enterococcus faecalis sensitive to aminopenicillin, the drug susceptible Enterococcus faecium Less than 50% of the penicillin-resistant enterococci hospital infection should be selected vancomycin; Enterobacteriaceae hospital infection treatment, the first and second-generation cephalosporins were Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella is effective and produces a broad spectrum of β-lactamase-producing enterobacter strains that are generally susceptible to penicillin + enzyme inhibitors, fourth generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. This article also briefly reviews the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, anaerobic and fungal nosocomial infections, and the combination of nosocomial infections and prophylaxis