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近年来,合成生物学、代谢工程的发展推动了精细化学品和新一代能源的生物合成研究,为高效能酶或菌株的构建和筛选带来了新的契机。生物传感器由分子识别元件和信号转换器组成。作为一种新的生物信号检测技术手段,具有选择性高、分析速度快、操作简单等特点。主要有荧光共振能量转移传感器、核糖开关传感器和转录因子传感器三种类型。其中,转录因子传感器已广泛应用于酶或菌株等的代谢工程研究中。文章综述了这些生物传感器的基本原理和应用。
In recent years, the development of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering has promoted the biosynthesis of fine chemicals and new generation of energy, which brings new opportunities for the construction and screening of high-efficiency enzymes or strains. Biosensors consist of molecular recognition elements and signal transducers. As a new biological signal detection technology, with high selectivity, fast analysis, simple operation and so on. There are three main types of fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensors, riboswitch sensors and transcription factor sensors. Among them, the transcription factor sensor has been widely used in enzymes and strains of metabolic engineering research. The article summarizes the basic principles and applications of these biosensors.