论文部分内容阅读
文章介绍了美国国家科学基金工业科学技术委员会对美国主要工业部门的研究成果。该研究所依据的是1987年对开展研究开发工作的86个工业公司所作的调查资料。所调查的公司中包括有研究开发投资最高的美国20个公司中的13个公司,它们的投资约占美国公司的研究开发总投资的1/2。尽管6个在研究方面具有代表性的主要工业部门中的研究开发投资都有所增加,但从1985年起总的说工业界的研究开发投资是趋于下降。1988年,美国公司的研究开发投资总额达620亿美元(扣除通货膨胀后仅比1987年增长3%)。1985—1988年,各公司的研究开发投资大约年均增长2.6%,大大低于1980—1985年的年均增长5.5%。贸易额和利
This article introduces the research results of the National Science Foundation of Industrial Science and Technology Commission on the major industrial sectors in the United States. The Institute is based on survey data from 1987 industrial research and development work carried out by 86 industrial companies. The companies surveyed included 13 of the 20 U.S. companies with the highest R & D investment, which accounted for about 1/2 of the total R & D investment by U.S. companies. Although investment in research and development in the six major research sectors that are representative in research has increased, the total investment in research and development in industry has been on the decline since 1985. In 1988, U.S. companies invested a total of 62 billion U.S. dollars in research and development (an increase of only 3% after inflation, compared with 1987). From 1985 to 1988, R & D investment by companies increased by an annual average of 2.6%, much lower than the average annual growth of 5.5% in 1980-1985. Trade and profit