晚期肝病或肝功能衰竭时,常伴有肾功能衰竭和腹水,水和电解质平衡也呈现严重紊乱。要对这些情况进行合理的治疗,必需掌握它的发病机理。肝病时的急性肾功能衰竭暴发型肝衰竭和晚期肝硬化时,常并发急性肾功能衰竭。其特征为少尿或无尿,氮质血症,稀释性低钠血症,尿钠极低,尿中可无蛋白或管型,尸解时肾脏往往无组织学改变。过去称为肝肾综合征,现在认为此名词不妥,因为肝衰竭与肾衰竭无直接联系。由于本病的肾脏并无原发性的实质性损害,而是继发于肾血流灌注不足的功能性改变,近年来多已改称为 Advanced liver disease or liver failure, often accompanied by renal failure and ascites, water and electrolyte balance also showed serious disorders. To rational treatment of these conditions, we must grasp its pathogenesis. Acute renal failure in liver disease Outbreaks of fulminant liver failure and advanced liver cirrhosis are often complicated by acute renal failure. It is characterized by oliguria or anuria, azotemia, dilute hyponatremia, very low urinary sodium, protein or tube can be no urine, when the kidney is often no histological changes. Formerly referred to as hepatorenal syndrome, the term is now considered inappropriate because liver failure is not directly linked to renal failure. As the disease of the kidney does not have primary substantive damage, but secondary to renal insufficiency of functional changes, in recent years have been renamed