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遗传病的概念人类的一切形态特征与生理生化功能,种族的繁延,都是通过生殖细胞(精子、卵子)而传递。生殖细胞核内的染色体携带和储存的遗传信息DNA(脱氧核糖核酸 Dioxyribenucleic acid),控制蛋白质(或酶)的合成,决定人类的遗传性状。基因若发生突变,蛋白质(或酶)的合成便出现异常,若此种异常影响到人体的正常生理生化反应,便导致遗传性疾病。遗传病在一个家庭中按垂直方式上下代之间传递;每次妊娠中可有一定的比例出现,子代表现某些遗传病。遗传病可在出生时即有病状,或经过一定的生长发育阶段,于生后不同年龄期才出现症状。并非所有胎儿在母孕期受理化、病毒感染等不良因素所导致的先天性疾病均为遗传病。
The concept of genetic disease All human morphological characteristics and physiological and biochemical functions, racial easing, are transmitted through the germ cells (sperm, egg). Germ cell chromosomes carry and store genetic information DNA (DNA), which controls the synthesis of proteins (or enzymes) that determine the genetic traits of humans. Gene mutation, the protein (or enzyme) will appear abnormal synthesis, if such abnormalities affect the body’s normal physiological and biochemical reactions, it will lead to genetic disease. Genetic disease in a family by the vertical transmission between the next generation; each pregnancy may have a certain percentage, the offspring of certain genetic diseases. Genetic disease can be sick at birth, or after a certain period of growth and development, at different ages after the onset of symptoms. Not all fetuses in the mother’s pregnancy, virus infection and other adverse factors caused by congenital diseases are genetic disease.