论文部分内容阅读
原作者(简称作者,下同)建议在若干试样上分别施加不同的四围压力,然后把已经施加在轴向的液体压力逐渐减退,测得试样破坏时的轴向应力,根据破坏时的轴向应力和四围压力,绘得如图1(见原文)中的断裂强度曲线,作为判别土坝是否开裂的依据。笔者提出下列几点意见,请作者和读者们指正。 1.如果按上述方法进行试验,试样在小的四围压力下破坏时,轴向压力为负值(拉应力),这就是抗拉试验。人们经常用抗拉试验的结果来判别土坝是否开裂。但是在大的四围压力下,轴向压力尚未减退到负值时试样就破坏了。这时候,三个主应力都是压应力,试样内不出现拉应力,它是剪坏的。在这种试验
The original author (hereinafter referred to as the author, the same below) proposes to apply different pressures around each sample, and then gradually reduce the pressure of the liquid that has been applied in the axial direction, and measure the axial stress when the sample is destroyed. Axial stress and pressure around the perimeter, as shown in Figure 1 (see the original) in the fracture strength curve, as the basis for determining whether the earth dam cracking. The author put forward the following points of comments, asking the author and readers to correct me. 1. If the test is carried out according to the above method, the axial pressure is negative (tensile stress) when the sample is broken under a small surrounding pressure, which is the tensile test. People often use the results of tensile tests to determine whether the earth dam cracks. However, under large pressures around the specimen, the specimen is destroyed when the axial pressure has not decreased to a negative value. At this time, the three principal stresses are all compressive stresses. Tensile stress does not appear in the sample. It is sheared off. In this test