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对秋季栽培黑木耳(Auricularia auricular-judae)3个批次(制袋时间分别为2014年9月1日、9月15日、10月20日)的菌袋分别进行拱棚催芽处理,连续记录15 d拱棚内的温度和相对湿度,第1批次菌袋在早中晚平均温度在4.5℃~12.1℃范围内,中午12:00平均温度在9.8℃~18.5℃范围内,平均相对湿度在67.4%~82.3%范围的条件下,耳芽可以正常形成,拱棚催芽处理与空白对照之间无显著差异。处理5周后的结果显示,在第1批次和第2批次的菌袋中,2种保温处理方法 (分别为水泥地和林木苗圃表面摆放菌袋,均覆盖薄膜和稻草)出芽率(85.8%和82.0%)与对照处理(林木苗圃地表面摆放菌袋,但不覆盖薄膜和稻草)的出芽率(61.3%)之间存在显著差异。第3批次的菌袋在催芽处理30 d后仅有零星耳芽形成,40 d后大量感染病菌。湖北地区秋栽黑木耳宜于9月中上旬制袋,11月中上旬刺孔,并采用拱棚薄膜催芽处理可确保耳芽形成。
The germ bags of three batches of Auricularia auricular-judae in autumn (September 1, September 15, September 20, and October 20, 2014) d the temperature and relative humidity in the arch shed, the first batch of bags in the early morning and evening average temperature in the range of 4.5 ℃ ~ 12.1 ℃, the average temperature at 12:00 noon 9.8 ℃ ~ 18.5 ℃ range, the average relative humidity 67.4 Under the condition of% ~ 82.3%, the ear bud can form normally, there is no significant difference between the germination process and the blank control. After 5 weeks of treatment, the results showed that in the first batch and the second batch of bags, two kinds of heat treatment methods (respectively on the surface of cement and forest nursery sacks, covered with film and straw) budding rate (85.8% and 82.0%) were significantly different from those of the control treatment (61.3%) in the germination of the control nursery (except for the film and straw). The third batch of bacteria bags after sprouting treatment 30 d sporadic ear bud only, a large number of 40 days after the infection of bacteria. Autumn planting black fungus in Hubei is suitable for bagging in mid-September, punctured in mid-November, and the use of arch film germination treatment can ensure the formation of ear buds.