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在FOB条件下,依我国《海商法》第42条第3款的规定,托运人分为两种,即“托运人(1)”和“托运人(2)”。而这两种托运人在一定情况下同时存在,因此,在实践中产生了很多问题。在国际贸易和货物运输纠纷中,托运人尤其是托运人(2)认定的问题一直困扰着人们。本文结合我国《海商法》的定义对上述问题进行了分析,并在此基础上提出了对托运人制度的完善建议。
Under FOB conditions, according to Article 42, paragraph 3, of the Maritime Code of China, there are two types of shippers, namely “shipper (1)” and “shipper (2)”. Both of these shippers exist in some cases at the same time. Therefore, many problems have arisen in practice. In disputes over international trade and transport of goods, the problems identified by shippers, especially shippers (2), continue to plague people. Based on the definition of “maritime law” in our country, this paper analyzes the above problems, and on this basis puts forward suggestions on how to perfect the shipper system.