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据1994～1996 年连续3 年的统计,全国煤矿瓦斯灾害伤亡人数占煤矿伤亡总人数的40% 以上,瓦斯涌出规律、瓦斯涌出量预测、瓦斯突出预测仍是煤矿安全技术的难题。在加强对瓦斯灾害综合治理的同时,把瓦斯作为煤层气资源积极进行开发利用,是当前的研究方向。瓦斯区域分布规律研究可以概括为建立在煤层瓦斯生成条件、保存条件基础上的高瓦斯赋存量、高瓦斯涌出量、低瓦斯赋存量、低瓦斯涌出量区域分布规律研究;建立在高瓦斯赋存量基础上的煤层受强构造挤压、剪切作用进而发生韧塑性破坏形成一定厚度的“构造煤”,在煤层开采时发生煤与瓦斯突出危险的区域分布规律研究。提出了14 点认识,为矿井瓦斯涌出量预测、煤层瓦斯突出预测和煤层气开发利用研究奠定了基础。
According to statistics from 1994 to 1996 for three consecutive years, the number of coal mine casualties in coal mines accounts for over 40% of the total number of coal mines. The gas emission laws, the gas emission prediction and gas outburst prediction are still the problems of coal mine safety technology. While strengthening the comprehensive management of gas disasters, it is the current research direction to actively develop and utilize gas as a resource of coalbed methane. The research on gas distribution can be summarized as the research on the regional distribution of high gas emission, high gas emission, low gas storage and low gas emission based on the gas generation conditions and storage conditions of coal seam. Based on the high gas deposit, the coal seam is squeezed by strong tectonism, and the shearing action is followed by tempering and ductile rupture to form a certain thickness of “tectonic coal” and the research on the regional distribution of coal and gas outburst danger occurred during coal mining. Put forward a 14-point understanding, which laid the foundation for the prediction of mine gas emission, the prediction of gas outburst and the research and development of coalbed methane.