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2008年中国经济形势跌宕起伏,从经济增长速度看,GDP年增速下降,就业形势异常严峻,物价水平大起大落,对外贸易进、出口额首次双双呈现负增长。可见,出口对中国经济非常重要,而扩大内需则是凤凰涅磐般的转型,意义重大却极难实现。中国作为这场经济危机中世界上少有的经济基本面比较健康的经济体,中国政府作为少有的财政政策空间较大、外汇储备庞大、政治格局稳定的政府,如果能够走在正确的方向上,出台改善民生和促进科学发展的政策,就有希望减少危机的损失,并为下一轮增长打好基础。具体建议:一是千方百计保证就业是近三年压倒一切的政治任务;二是重在增加居民收入、不能刺激低收入者非理性消费;三是打破垄断,培育新的经济增长点。
In 2008, the economic situation in China was ups and downs. From the perspective of economic growth, the annual growth rate of GDP dropped, the employment situation was extremely grim, the price level fluctuated greatly, and both foreign trade and export volume both showed negative growth for the first time. It can be seen that exports are very important to China’s economy and expanding domestic demand is a Nirvana-like transformation of the Phoenix. It is extremely significant but extremely difficult to achieve. As one of the few economies in the world with relatively healthy economic fundamentals, China, as a rare government with more room for fiscal policy, a huge foreign exchange reserve and a stable political structure, can walk in the right direction , Promulgating policies to improve people’s livelihood and promote scientific development, there is hope to reduce the loss of the crisis and lay the foundation for the next round of growth. Specific recommendations: First, do everything possible to ensure that employment is an overwhelming political task in the past three years; second, focus on increasing residents’ income and failing to stimulate irrational consumption by low-income earners; and third, breaking monopoly and fostering new economic growth points.